What are export controls?

Export controls refer to the rules governing the exportation of specific items, particularly those that may have implications for national security, foreign policy, or economic interests. This encompasses a range of regulations that determine which goods, technologies, and services can be exported, as well as to whom they can be sent.

Export controls are essential for preventing sensitive materials from reaching hostile nations or being used for harmful purposes, such as the development of weapons of mass destruction. They also play a critical role in maintaining the integrity of a country's economic and security interests on a global scale.

In contrast, the other answer choices do not pertain to the actual definition of export controls. While import taxation, trade agreements, and domestic goods valuation are all important aspects of international trade and commerce, they do not directly relate to the specific legislative measures used to regulate what can be exported from a country.